International and domestic initiatives for e-commerce regulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2021.02.066Keywords:
e-commerce, digital business, initiatives to regulate international e-commerce, regulatory framework for e-commerce regulation in Ukraine and the EU.Abstract
Introduction. The development of online commerce, which is gradually displacing the traditional one, is a clear trend of global economic transformations. Key aspects of e-commerce, such as online transactions, privacy and consumer protection, and customs clearance, need to be regulated at the international and national levels.
The purpose of the article is to study the development of e-commerce in retail goods in the XXI century. in the context of assessing the completeness and effectiveness of international and domestic
Research methods. General scientific and special methods were used to study the legal aspects of e-commerce regulation, namely: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, description, characterization, generalization, comparison. The methodological basis for the study was international regulations (UN Laws, European Union Directives, Acts of International Organizations) and a list of laws of Ukraine on the regulation of the electronic sphere.
Results. The analysis of indicators of e-commerce development on the world market is carried out, its rapid dynamics is pointed out. International initiatives to regulate e-commerce are considered. A comparison of aspects of legal regulation of e-commerce in Ukraine and the European Union is carried out. Conclusions are made on the completeness and degree of maturity of the institutional base. Emphasis was placed on the need to strengthen regulatory mechanisms in the field of e-commerce in order to create a modern institutional system adapted to the global and European.
Perspectives. It is important to focus future research on the development of guidelines for determining the effectiveness of the implementation of initiatives to regulate e-commerce at the domestic and global levels.
References
Biliavska, Yu. V. (2016). Rehuliuvannia elektronnoi komertsii v Ukraini [Regulation of e-commerce in Ukraine]. Molodyi vchenyi [Young scientist], 10, 336–339. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/ujrn/molv_2016_10_78 [in Ukrainian].
Tovkun, L.V. Fedorovska, M.A. (2020). Aktualni pytannia pravovoho rehuliuvannia elektronnoi komertsi yi v Ukraini [Current issues of legal regulation of e-commerce in Ukraine]. Iurydychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal [Legal scientific electronic journal], 9, 282–286. Retrieved from: http://www.lsej.org.ua/9_2020/71.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Brian, Bieron, Usman, Ahmed (2012). Regulating e-commerce through international policy: understanding the international trade law issues of e-commerce. Journal of worldtrade, 46(3), 545–571 [in English].
Vorobiova, O. P. (2012). Normatyvno-pravove zabezpechennia elektronnoi komertsii: mizhnarodnyi dosvid [Regulatory and legal support of e-commerce: international experience].Efektyvnist derzhavnoho upravlinnia [Efficiency of public administration], 30, 269–275. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/ujrn/ efdu_2012_30_35 [in Ukrainian].
Yatsenko, O. M., Hriazina, A. S., Shevchyk, O. O. (2019). Elektronna komertsiia yak element hlobalnoi torhovelnoi systemy [E-commerce as an element of the global trading system]. Aktualni problemy ekonomiky [Current economic problems] 8, 4–15. Retrieved from: https://eco-science.net/archive/2019/APE-08-2019/8.19_ topic_Yatsenko%20O.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Statista - The Statistics Portal. Statista. Retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/ [in English].
Data and Research on Digital. eMarketer. Retrieved from: https://www.emarketer. com [in English].
The Future of E-commerce: 10 Global E-commerce Trends. Convergine. Retrieved from: https://www.convergine.com/blog/the-future-of-e-commerce-10-global-e- commerce-trends/ [in English].
Taxes and regulations with Amazon Global Selling - Amazon Seller Central. Amazon. Retrieved from: https://sellercentral.amazon.com/gp/help/external/G201468380 [in English].
Dyrektyva 2000/31/YeS Yevropeiskoho parlamentu ta Rady «Pro deiaki pravovi aspekty informatsiinykh posluh, zokrema, elektronnoi komertsii, na vnutrishnomu rynku» («Dyrektyva pro elektronnu komertsiiu»): Dyrektyva Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu vid 08.06.2000 r. № 2000/31/YeS [Directive 2000/31 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain legal aspects of information services, in particular e-commerce, in the internal market (E-Commerce Directive): European Union Directive of 08.06.2000 № 2000 / 31 / EU]. Retrieved from: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_224 [in Ukrainian].
Е-Commerce rules in the EU. Shaping Europe’s digital future. Retrieved from: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/e-commerce-rules-eu [in English].
Pro elektronnu komertsiiu : Zakon Ukrainy vid 03.09.2015 r. № 675-VIII : stanom na 19 kvit. 2020 r. [On e-commerce: Law of Ukraine of September 3, 2015 № 675-VIII: as of April 19. 2020]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/675- 19 [in Ukrainian].
Pro platizhni systemy ta perekaz koshtiv v Ukraini : Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.04.2001 r. № 2346-III : stanom na 3 lyp. 2020 r. [On payment systems and funds transfer in Ukraine: Law of Ukraine of April 5, 2001 № 2346-III: as of July 3. 2020]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2346-14 [in Ukrainian].
Pro elektronni dokumenty ta elektronnyi dokumentoobih : Zakon Ukrainy vid 22.05.2003 r. № 851-IV : stanom na 7 lystop. 2018 r. [On electronic documents and electronic document circulation: Law of Ukraine of 22.05.2003 № 851-IV: as of November 7. 2018]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/851- 15 [in Ukrainian].
Pro elektronnyi tsyfrovyi pidpys : Zakon Ukrainy vid 22.05.2003 r. № 852-IV : stanom na 7 lystop. 2018 r. [On electronic digital signature: Law of Ukraine of May 22, 2003 № 852-IV: as of November 7. 2018]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/852-15 [in Ukrainian].
Pro zakhyst personalnykh danykh : Zakon Ukrainy vid 01.06.2010 r. № 2297- VI : stanom na 23 kvit. 2021 r. [On personal data protection: Law of Ukraine of 01.06.2010 № 2297-VI: as of April 23. 2021]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/2297-17 [in Ukrainian].
Pytannia Ministerstva tsyfrovoi transformatsii: Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 18.09.2019 r. № 856 : stanom na 12 liut. 2021 r. [Issues of the Ministry of Digital Transformation: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of September 18, 2019 № 856: as of February 12. 2021]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/856-2019-п [in Ukrainian].
Dyrektyva 95/46/YeS Yevropeiskoho Parlamentu i Rady «Pro zakhyst fizychnykh osib pry obrobtsi personalnykh danykh i pro vilne peremishchennia takykh danykh» : Dyrektyva Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu vid 24.10.1995 r. № 95/46/YeS : stanom na 25 trav. 2018 r. [Directive 95/46 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data: European Union Directive of 24.10.1995 № 95/46 / EC: as of 25 May. 2018]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/994_242 [in Ukrainian].
Dyrektyva 97/7/YeS Yevropeiskoho parlamentu ta Rady «Pro zakhyst prav spozhyvachiv v dystantsiinykh kontraktakh» : Dyrektyva Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu vid 20.05.1997 r. № 97/7/YeS : stanom na 23 veres. 2002 r. [Directive 97/7 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of consumers› rights in distance contracts: Directive of the European Union of 20 May 1997 № 97/7 / EC: as of 23 September. 2002]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/994_245 [in Ukrainian].
Directive (EU) 2015/2366 of the European Parliament and of the Council on payment services in the internal market, amending Directives 2002/65/EC, 2009/110/EC and 2013/36/EU and Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, and repealing Directive 2007/64/ EC : Directive (EU) of 25.11.2015 № 2015/2366 : as of 23 December 2015. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2015/2366/oj/eng [in English].
